Gingivitis of the Gums

By Steven H. Poulos, DDS | January 28, 2010

Did you know that four out of five people have a gum disease and dont even know they have it? Since the early stages cause no discomfort or pain, they are just not alert that it exists. Cavities usually cause some discomfort, but there are no symptoms in the first phase of gingivitis. Gingivitis or periodontal disease are the names for gum disease ” inflammation that results in bone loss under teeth.

Plaque, a sticky, colorless film of bacteria, food debris and saliva, builds up on gums and teeth. This is the start of gum disease. As it progresses, the bacteria give off toxins (acids) that make the gums red and inflamed and eat away at the bone under the teeth. Brushing and flossing the teeth helps keep the plaque from forming and damaging gums and bone. And it is very important to have regular visits to the dentist who can determine if there is a problem with gum disease.

Other than poor oral hygiene, there are several other factors that may increase the risk of developing periodontal disease.

Plaque and tartar form more easily on teeth if one smokes or chews tobacco.

Bridges that no longer fit properly, crowded teeth, or defective fillings that may trap plaque and bacteria can cause gum disease.

Some drugs cause side effects that increase risk of periodontal disease. Steriods, cancer therapy drugs, blood pressure drugs and oral contraceptives cause dry mouth, less saliva, which helps plaque to stick to teeth and gums.

Hormonal changes can make gums more sensitive to the poisons released by bacteria. Oral contraceptives, pregnancy and puberty can cause changes in hormone levels.

HIV/AIDS, blood disorders, diabetes and other diseases that affect the whole system can make a person predisposed to gum disease.

Genetics can predispose a person to gum disease. If you have a family history of tooth loss, it might indicate a possibility of a more aggressive type of gum disease. Keep alert for any signs of gum disease if you have this family history.

Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease include red and puffy gums, bleeding gums, persistent bad breath, new spacing between teeth (caused by bone loss), loose teeth, pus around teeth or gums, receding gums and any tenderness or discomfort of the gums.

Anyone can improve chances of healthy gums by taking care of the teeth and gums with regular brushing and flossing. A good diet also helps to stave off gum disease and to help cure it. Regular visits to the dentist will help prevent the disease by catching it before it causes bone damage and causes loss of teeth.

A Beautiful Smile is a Very Happy Smile.

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